![]() Morgenthaler, and Jin Au Kong, Electromagnetic Waves (Prentice-Hall, 1994) ISBN 0-13-225871-4. Banesh Hoffmann, Relativity and Its Roots (Freeman, New York, 1983).Melcher, Electromagnetic Fields and Energy (Prentice-Hall, 1989) ISBN 0-13-249020-X. Purcell, Electricity and Magnetism (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1985). Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Electricity, Magnetism, Light, and Elementary Modern Physics (5th ed.). Introduction to Electrodynamics (3rd ed.). (This article accompanied a Decempresentation by Maxwell to the Royal Society.) Maxwell, James Clerk, " A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 155, 459-512 (1865).45 Archived at the Wayback Machineįurther reading Electromagnetism Journal articles ![]() See NIST Special Publication 330, Appendix 2, p. In the original Recommendation of 1983, the symbol c was used for this purpose. ^ Current practice is to use c 0 to denote the speed of light in vacuum according to ISO 31.In addition, for a valid solution, the wave vector and the angular frequency are not independent they must adhere to the dispersion relation: ![]() As a result, and based on the theory of Fourier decomposition, a real wave must consist of the superposition of an infinite set of sinusoidal frequencies. In practice, g cannot have infinite periodicity because any real electromagnetic wave must always have a finite extent in time and space. ∇ ⋅ E = 0 ∇ ⋅ B = 0 įor virtually any well-behaved function g of dimensionless argument φ, where ω is the angular frequency (in radians per second), and k = ( k x, k y, k z) is the wave vector (in radians per meter).Īlthough the function g can be and often is a monochromatic sine wave, it does not have to be sinusoidal, or even periodic.
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![]() Kurosawa used wind as a symbol to stress that the tides of battle can always change, and the story may not end the way the audience expected. ![]() Filoni hones in on the environmental sounds like the reverberation of weapons and the sound of wind on water. Instead of underscoring the fight with a tense soundtrack like " Duel of the Fates," the sequence contains no music whatsoever. Instead of jumping straight into combat, Ahsoka and Elsbeth approach each other cautiously, studying their footing and making calculated movements to maintain a positional advantage. By contrast, the final battle in The Jedi breaks down the core elements of a duel at a much slower pace. Jedi somersault over their opponents and take on swarms of enemies, all underscored by grandiose music. Ever since the prequel era, lightsaber battles have consisted of fast-paced action with extensive choreography. The final duel between Ahsoka and Magistrate Elsbeth ( Diana Lee Inosanto) is reminiscent of the samurai showdowns featured in Kurosawa’s films, especially Yojimbo. “When we shoot an episode I’m directing he’s always right by the monitors to remind me of a lot of his principles of filmmaking that he gave to George.” ![]() Filoni has admitted during a conversation at Star Wars Celebration that he hides small figures of Kurosawa in each of the episodes he directs, and always keeps Kurosawa in mind while shooting a Star Wars project. The plot is similar to "The Jedi," where Ahsoka infiltrates a small rural village to take down the corrupt Magistrate hell-bent on extracting natural resources from the region while maintaining a strict rule over the locals. ![]() Yojimbo features a nameless Ronin wandering into a small town to confront the corrupt businessmen feuding for control of the local gambling trade at the expense of the villagers. "The Jedi" is an adaptation of Kurosawa’s 1961 film, Yojimbo. "The Jedi" marks the live-action debut of Ahsoka, but more importantly, it established Filoni’s directing capability in a property outside The Clone Wars. Seasons 3 Ahsoka is the Wandering Ronin Straight Out of a Kurosawa film Filoni, by extension, has adapted another one of Kurosawa’s films into Season 2, Episode 5 of The Mandalorian, titled, "The Jedi." George Lucas has cited A New Hope as a rather obvious adaptation of Kurosawa’s film, The Hidden Fortress. Kurosawa was a master of Samurai films, but his themes resonated with audiences across the globe. Kurosawa is arguably the one of the most influential filmmakers of all time, with many of his films being adapted into some of the most famous movies in Western cinema, from Star Wars and The Magnificent Seven, to A Fistful of Dollars and The Usual Suspects. But what makes Filoni so successful is his respect for the creative roots of Star Wars.įiloni once said, “A lot of my influence comes from obviously George, and then George’s mentor is Akira Kurosawa.” He understands that Star Wars was born from Lucas’ love of Japanese filmmaking, and the works of acclaimed filmmaker Akira Kurosawa. Filoni won over audiences by creating long-awaited moments, like Hayden Christensen's return as Anakin, and introducing Ahsoka ( Rosario Dawson) into live-action. After the success of his most recent series, Ahsoka, Filoni has been promoted to Chief Creative Officer of LucasFilm and will lead Star Wars into a new era, post-Skywalker saga. With that in mind, here are 10 Star Wars ships that should absolutely receive the LEGO brick-built treatment.Filoni studied under George Lucas when developing The Clone Wars, and quietly built out the universe in his animated series for years. To that end, this opens up some exciting possibilities for a variety of different Star Wars ships and cruisers. Geared more for older collectors with a focus on detail over play value, these midi-scale ships are smaller than the typical minifigure-sized models. Released online and in physical stores on March 1st, LEGO's Millennium Falcon (75375), Tantive IV (75376), and Invisible Hand (75377) are all available for purchase, a collection of midi-scale model ships complete with their own stands for display either on shelves or desks. Not unlike diorama or the helmet busts, the hope is that more midi-scale ships will be coming down the line from LEGO. To that end, this has generated some exciting hopes that this trio of epic models is merely the start of an ongoing new sub-genre of LEGO sets within its Star Wars product line. LEGO Star Wars' newest wave of set releases includes three new midi-scale ships from the galaxy far, far away. ![]() This functionality is particularly useful for those who want to share content with others or access their media library remotely. ![]() Users can stream content over a network or the internet, turning VLC into a versatile media server. VLC isn't just a local media player it's also a powerful streaming tool. This feature adds a layer of flexibility for users with diverse media requirements. ![]() VLC's built-in transcoding capabilities make it a handy tool for users who need to convert their media files for compatibility with different devices or platforms. Transcoding is a process of converting media files from one format to another. Whether you're watching content in a foreign language or dealing with poorly synchronized subtitles, VLC provides the tools to enhance your viewing experience. This allows users to fine-tune subtitle timing to match the audio and video playback precisely. VLC Media Player offers a robust subtitle synchronization feature. Users can create playlists, manage their music libraries, and enjoy high-quality audio playback. With support for various audio formats and customization options, it provides a satisfying listening experience. Audio and music playerīeyond video playback, VLC excels as an audio and music player. Its ability to handle diverse codecs and containers sets it apart from many competitors. Whether you're watching a video or listening to music, VLC supports an extensive range of file formats, making it a versatile player for all your multimedia needs. VLC's primary function is, of course, media playback. What are the key features of VLC Media Player? Multimedia player ![]() Said and done, I bought the sonar from Arrow International, distributor Garmin, I created an account on the Garmin website, registered the product and connected it with the application ActiveCaptain from the phone (downloaded in advance, free of charge) through the network WiFi.Īll good and beautiful so far, both menus, application and sonar, are user friendly, meaning you do not have to study too much to manage, even without the help of tutorials on YouTube. Garmin Striker sonar and Active Captain application ![]() But that's another story em we're writing this one too. On the models Garmin GPSMap and EchoMap you can also connect video cameras Garmin Virb 360, Garmin Virb Ultra 30 and probes Panoptix and the engine Force.
List rankings are based on this employee feedback, which we analyze to determine the extent to which this experience is shared by the full workforce. ![]() And they tell us whether they enjoy the people they work with, feel cared for and can be themselves. They tell us if they are proud of their work, their team, and their company and if they feel they make a difference, and their work is meaningful. They tell us whether they believe their company is fair related to pay, profits, promotions, recognition, favoritism and opportunities. They tell us whether they feel respected as individuals, if they receive training benefits, appreciation, support for their well-being and opportunities to contribute. The survey enables employees to share confidential quantitative and qualitative feedback about their organization’s culture by responding to 60 statements on a five-point scale and answering two open-ended questions.Įmployees tell us whether leaders are accessible, communicate honestly and clearly, and if their actions match their words. Using our proprietary Trust Index™ survey, we measure the core of what we know creates great workplaces - key behaviors that drive trust in management, connection with colleagues, and loyalty to the company. We have developed a set of themes and metrics that not only predict whether employees feel their workplace is great, but predict retention, agility, and overall business success. Dynamic and game-changing weather.Great Place To Work® has been surveying employees around the world about their workplace experiences for 30 years. Risk it all with a high speed pit stop that could put you out in front of your rivals. Set initial strategy across practice, qualifying and race – and adjust your tactics according to on-track developments. Make detailed mechanical tweaks or choose your team’s recommendations. ![]() Get it right, and you’ll be in the perfect position come pre-season testing. Make the call on every part that goes into next season’s car. Build new cars and parts from scratch, then evolve the technology over multiple seasons to create the perfect driving machine. Scouring the world for hidden gems is all the more satisfying when you find a young mechanic who can shave seconds off your pit stop times. Some drivers might find it hard to resist joining an Italian team. The location of your HQ is all-important in this globe-spanning sport. Will you get the best out of them with tough love, or an arm around the shoulder? Your drivers have unique personality types, sparking drama within the team. ![]() Stop watching, start winning and take control as the manager of your own motorsport team. Split second decisions on the race track combine with carefully laid pre-race plans everything from building and customising your car to race-day tactics will affect your path to either ultimate victory or epic failure. You’ll hire the drivers, build the cars and embed yourself in the dynamic world of racing.Įvery single detail will need to be considered in order to push your way to the championship title. Motorsport Manager is a highly detailed, best-in-class management game for fans of motorsport. Have you got what it takes to become the manager of a high-performance motorsport team?
![]() We get to know the WHAT and the HOW from His vantage point, not ours. When we do that, this in-between life becomes much more fulfilling. Finding time to sit quietly with the Lord, meditating on scripture, on Him, or on our calling is paramount to living out our faith. The pace of life, for all of us, is out of control. It should be highlighted by an all-out pursuit of a life in Christ. Yet, living the in-between life requires much more than sitting on our hands, staring into the sky and waiting for Jesus to come back. But in the meantime, as Paul said, we await the redemption of our bodies. The best is yet to come, which is more fully described in Revelation 21 and 22. 23 Not only so, but we ourselves, who have the first fruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for our adoption to sonship, the redemption of our bodies. 20 For the creation was subjected to frustration, not by its own choice, but by the will of the one who subjected it, in hope 21 that the creation itself will be liberated from its bondage to decay and brought into the freedom and glory of the children of God.Ģ2 We know that the whole creation has been groaning as in the pains of childbirth right up to the present time. 19 For the creation waits in eager expectation for the children of God to be revealed. 18 I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Paul, the apostle, shares vital truths in Romans 8. Watching Him come through for us is what matters most in building faith and relationship with Him, which then translates to loving others well. After all, how fun would it be if everything went right all the time? Our dependence on God requires trials and difficulties. We were never promised a challenge-free life. We can also experience joy in our everyday activities accentuated by the WHY. ![]() As Christ followers, we can experience joy in knowing our ultimate fate. Fulfillment does come from why we do what we do. We don’t necessarily find happiness in our jobs every day, but we can feel fulfilled by our work every day if it makes us feel part of something bigger than ourselves. We don’t necessarily like our kids all the time, for example, but we do love them all the time. The difference between happiness and fulfillment is the difference between liking something and loving something. Simon Sinek, best known for “Start with Why”, said this. I find much more fulfillment in this in-between life when my focus is on the God of Love, not the god of me. The WHAT and the HOW come when I look for the fork in the road that points to love. My WHY, has become much more important than the WHAT or the HOW. I’ve developed a relationship and an intimacy with Him which has brought me to a place where I want to yield control. Yes, we should want to serve Him – but not out of obligation or guilt – but out of love for Him and His people. I misinterpreted scripture to be more about doing than being. If I served on enough committees, gave enough money, got perfect attendance in church, and a host of other to-do’s, I would be accepted by God. So much of what I learned in my early years oriented me towards works. The future may be difficult, easy, fun, challenging, or engaging but I’m eager to see what tomorrow brings. Even if it felt and looked like it was for naught, God used the “wasted years” to form me into the person I now am – more grounded in my relationship with Him and my identity secure in His purposes for me. But I finally concluded that nothing was wasted. The activities of life that focused more on me than on what God had for me – those opportunities squandered that would have advanced my spiritual formation and preparedness for what God ultimately intended for my life. When I think back on my earlier days it feels like so much time was wasted on the mundane and insignificant. The “why” has everything to do with the legacy we leave and the influence of our dash. “The two most important days in your life are the day you are born and the day you find out why.” That dash on our tombstone – you know, the one that represents the life we lived between our start date and our end date? What we do during that time has eternal implications. ![]() Set Instant Pot settings to saute and cook onions, jalapeno, plus half the spices for 4-5 minutes Step 2: Toast RiceĪdd rice to the vegetables and saute 2 minutes Step 3: Pressure CookĬancel saute settings. How to make Okra Soup Step 1: Saute vegetables This recipe is an example of pressure cooking gone right. So what was normally an hour or two hour-long cook time, became a 30-minute recipe. The Instant Pot had the added advantage of not eating to the heat situation given the 90+ degree summer Texas weather. So rather than slowly simmering this dish on the stovetop I “cheated” and used my Instant Pot. I was short on time when I made this recipe. The idea for the lime juice dates back to my time spent in so many real Mexican restaurants where chicken lime soup 'Sopa de lima' can be common. The tart citrus, breaks up the smoked meat, while also bringing out the flavor in the okra. The lime juice is the ingredient that makes this soup next level. The smoked chicken adds a level of deep flavor to the broth while also making the dish substantial enough for a main entree meal. What I came up with is a smoked chicken and okra soup. When I decided to make my version, I wanted something complex in flavor, but made with few ingredients, and had more of a summertime feel, i.e. My introduction to okra soup came from my grandmother who made a deeply flavored tomato-based okra soup with onions, corn, and peppers. Similarly, Brunswick is soup, no roux, but with many different vegetables. Gumbo ain’t nothing but okra soup with a roux and a bunch of other stuff. These soups are popular worldwide and all throughout the South and midwest. Okra soups are for okra lovers who appreciate everything about the fuzzy green pods. With the former, it’s usually about making the dish thicker. There are soups that contain okra and then there are okra soups. Well perhaps that okra smoothie was a not so good idea. If you’ve followed recent posts, then you know this month is all about okra recipes, partly because it’s okra season, but also as part of my personal campaign to get the world to “ Eat More Okra.” This is my first okra soup post, but don’t sweat I have a few more in store for you that will make you say “Uggh” like Master P! My mentality is that when it comes to okra recipes, there are no bad ideas. The smoked chicken elevates this to a main dish soup dish that is perfect for busy weeknights. The Virginia version calls for chicken, like mine, and rabbit, unlike mine.Okra Soup - an Easy 30-minute okra recipe prepared via instant pot. So minus the squirrel, possum or rabbit, what was I making? The Georgia version, I read, favors pork and beef. And in case you wondered, all the separates Brunswick Stew from a soup is its thick consistency. Chicken, pork, beef are also commonly used. ![]() Recipes claiming authenticity call for squirrel, possum or rabbit meat. The common denominator is a tomato base, which contains lima or butter beans corn and okra. But the name of the recipe is about all that is the same. Brunswick, Georgia’s Visitors’ Center has an actual pot it claims was used to make the first Brunswick Stew. Both have plaques supporting their claims. In fact two Brunswicks lay claim to the recipe: Brunswick, Georgia and the entire county of Brunswick, Virginia. It must be named for Brunswick Georgia, I thought to myself.īrunswick Stew is indeed popular in the American South. Just enough time for a Cocktail! Or a look into the origins of Brunswick Stew. Everything else came out of a can or the freezer and the mixture was then seasoned, stirred into a Dutch oven, brought to a boil then simmered on the stove for 45 minutes. Rotisserie chicken is skinned and shredded. To be honest, it landed squarely in Sandra Lee territory but it fit the bill. Almost immediately, I came upon a recipe labeled “Brunswick Stew”. Last week, I brought one home and searched around for a recipe that would fall into our dinner-on-the-table-in-no-time criteria. ![]() I’ve made this chicken into sandwiches and salads and I’ve sliced off parts to eat all by themselves when I am all by myself. I cannot go into Costco without buying one of their birds, beautifully cooked and an amazing bargain at $4.99. In our continuing series of quick weeknight dinners leading up to Christmas, I couldn’t ignore the charms of Rotisserie Chicken. ![]() Dealing starts in clockwise order, with every player receiving 13 cards and asked to pass and receive 3 cards from another player in the beginning. Whoever plays the highest card, wins the trick, and has to initiate the next one. Players are obliged to follow the suit and if they cannot they can continue with any other card. Whoever holds the 2 of Clubs card starts the game. The suit rank goes as follows: from Ace (A) being the highest to 2 being the lowest. ![]() The Hearts game is played with a standard French deck of 52 cards. Improve your skills as a free Hearts player offline! Prepare yourself to beat any competition when the time to jump on multiplayer Hearts online comes! Until then, spend as much time as necessary in our offline Hearts card game! The hearts card game is perfect when you might find yourself without access to the internet. Offline games, especially card games, are a great way to entertain yourself. Whether you’re a beginner or a pro, Hearts Offline is the ideal free Hearts game for all Hearts players and card games lovers. Hearts Offline - Single Player allows you to play at your pace and level. Shoot the Moon - To shoot the moon in Hearts, you need all the hearts and the spade Q, and as usual, you can choose to have 26 points deducted from your score or added to everyone else's. With this form of scoring, the game is known as Omnibus Hearts. Jack of Diamonds - Jack of Diamonds or sometimes the Ten of Diamonds is a bonus card, counting minus 10 points for the person taking it. * Can be played on both Tablets and Phones. * Learn exactly how to play from the Rules section. * A random card-dealing system with as close to real shuffling as possible! * Play your free hearts offline card game. It is also known as “Black Lady”, “Black Queen” or “Queen of Spades”. The game is a member of the Whist family of trick-taking games which also includes Bridge and Spades. The game of Hearts is similar to other trick-taking card games, such as Euchre, Canasta, and Pinochle. Play one of the popular card games, Hearts FREE without an internet connection. Hearts single player is a free hearts game version of the classic Hearts trick-taking card game. If you are not new to Hearts games start wherever you please! There are hundreds of games available at 247Hearts.Start a free Hearts game as a single player! Play the classic hearts card game free and train against advanced artificial intelligence (AI) players! The Hearts offline card game is perfect for spending hours of fun whether you’re a newbie or a professional. As you advance test your skills on Hearts "artificial aficionados" in Medium Hearts, Hard Hearts, and Expert Hearts. If you are a beginner, try your hand against the card players in our Easy Hearts game. Each level of Hearts, Easy, Medium, Hard, and Expert or made more challenging or less so by advances in AI. Players can enjoy Hearts on 247 Hearts with other players because of Artificial Intelligence. All in all there are 26 penalty points in each deal in the card game Hearts. ![]() Also, the Queen of Spades or "Calamity Jane" is worth 13 points. In modern day Hearts, unlike Reversis, each Heart is worth one point. Since then this scientific card game has come a long way. It originated in Spain in the 1700's, at that time Heart was called Reversis. The card game, Hearts, has evolved over the years. Whichever player has the LEAST amount of points wins! When a player reaches 100 points, the game will end. Each round of Hearts will end when players have completed their hands. This means a player must play a heart while another suit is being played. A leading trick player is not able to start with a heart unless they only have hearts in their hand or until the hearts have been "broken". The player who takes the trick will become the leader of the next trick. The points accumulated by any penalties and the trick are given to the player of the highest card in the suit that was originally put into play. Among the cards they may choose to discard or "slough" is a penalty Heart or the Queen of Spades. If they do not have a card that is the same suit as the lead card then Heart players can play any card that they have. Subsequent players are to play a card that is the same suit as the lead card. Hearts Card Game is played in a clockwise order. After they have done so the other Heart players will play a card from their hands. Start playing Hearts with the card player with the 2 of clubs starting off the first trick. However, even though the rules are simple there is a righteous range of scientific sport in this "evasion type" card game. Like other fun trick-taking card games such as Spades and Bridge the rules of the game are not complicated. ![]() Fall in love with Hearts at ! Hearts is structured to be played with four players, it is not difficult to learn but there is strategic play abound. ![]() 3 Multiwave Oscillators with voice control (adjustable from 1 to 8 voices per osc), adjustable stereo width and panning, with Sine, Saw, Ramp (reversed Saw), Triangle, Pulse (square with PWM) waveforms and retrigger option for each oscillator (with “retrigger off” the oscillator is in free running mode, the oscillator starts with random phase positions everytime played a note, with “retrigger on” the oscillator’s phase starts from position 0 everytime played a note.for the typical side-chained pad sounds and/or pumping basses etc.). It has all features of the Alpha TS with some more and some updated functions: new synthesis (Subtractive and additionally FM Synthesis), revised oscillators with some more functions and now with a separate noise oscillator, new Mod Envelopes and now with a new integrated Sidechain FX (e.g. Here are some technical details (quote from Mastrcode Music website):Īlpha Plus is the advanced version of the T-Force Alpha TS. You can easily get out those uplifting trance sounds from it and a lot more. T-Force Alpha Plus by Mastrcode Music is a great sounding free subtractive/FM synthesizer. Here is a 20min video tutorial that will show you how to create a basic song from scratch.Want free sounds? Try Loopcloud – Get 300 FREE samples when you sign up + “Free users get 1,825 free soundsa year “ Please visit the documentation page for detailed documentation. The FlatHub version should take care of installing all dependencies. ![]() Please see the installation instructions for more information. If you are using the standalone version from the ZIP file, you will need to install.NET installed, it should prompt you to install it. The app is unsigned and might require you to ignore a few warnings. On macOS, download and uncompress the file anywhere and the launch the FamiStudio app.If you get a warning when installing or if the app crashes when running, please check out the documentation for the fix. A shortcut to FamiStudio and the included demo songs will be added to your Start Menu. On Windows, simply download and run the installer (Setup.exe), which should take care of installing most dependencies.Release notes of previous versions can be found in the documentation. Upgraded to Android API level 33 (Android 13.0).Names that are too long to fit in the project explorer are now truncated with ellipsis (.) on Desktop (was already the case on Mobile).Fixed QWERTY piano input getting stuck if pressing another key while holding a key.Fixed issue when exporting N163 songs to NSF/ROM/FDS/SoundEngine with instrument names only differentiated by special characters.Fixed issue where arpeggios imported from FamiTracker files would not play sometimes.Fixed DPCM samples not importing correctly from FamiTracker TXT files.Fixed loophole where you could disable note attacks on the DPCM channel by duplicating patterns.Fixed issue where note attacks were re-triggers unconditionally when crossing the loop point when exporting to NSF/ROM/SoundEngine.Fixed bug introduced in 4.1.3 where notes were replaying their attack if a gap was left between the notes.Fixed "Unassign unused DPCM instrument keys" cleanup option not working if another DPCM instrument was using the same piano key.Fixed issue where envelope editor would let you set releases on FDS waveform. ![]()
6 ,7 ,10Īs mortality rates secondary to severe burn wounds have decreased over time, a major component of burn wound care is treating burn scars which can lead to mental, physical, and social distress. 7 ,9 Since both second and third degree burns destroy the epidermal regenerative cells of the stratum basale, both injuries will be replaced with scar tissue. 6 ,7 These burns often overtly appear on a spectrum from white to black and are likely to not be as painful as they may have destroyed dermal nerve fibers. 6 ,7įull thickness, or “third-degree”, burns involve all layers of the skin and may involve underlying subcutaneous muscle and bone. ![]() Even though dermal nerve fibers often remain intact, most second-degree burns induce extreme pain. ![]() superficial dermis versus deep dermis), the less likely it will blanch with pressure. The deeper a burn penetrates the dermis (i.e. 6 ,7 The dermis can be further subcategorized into a superficial, or “papillary”, level, and a deep, or “reticular”, level. Partial thickness, or “second-degree”, burns involve the epidermis as well as the dermis and are classically characterized by blister formation with possible blood vessel exposure. 6 ,7 Although these types of lesions are often both erythematous (i.e., reddened) and painful, they typically heal well with the use of topical anti-inflammatory agents such as aloe vera agents that promote skin-regeneration without scarring. Superficial, or “first-degree,” burns are commonly associated with sun-bathing or salon-tanning and involve only the top epidermis of the skin. 1–5īurn wounds are generally classified by their extent of skin layer involvement since this information is important to understand to order varying degrees of intervention. 1 Although the medical literature indexed on PubMed regarding severe burn injuries secondary to pressure cooker explosions has remained minimal, the complexity of burn care coordination management has appeared in multiple articles. 1 As pressure builds, the cooker lid is designed to remain secured through both locking and safety valve mechanisms. at a standard pressure of about 15 pounds per square inch. 1 These airtight utensils intended for quick cooking operate by bringing boiling water from 100 O C. This paper discusses the critical opportunities posed for more extensive burn patients’ physicians to first categorize the extent of burn wounds and initiate subsequent specialty care in other settings.įound in approximately one-fifth of households, pressure cookers are one of the most commonly used cooking devices in the United States. ![]() Partial and full-thickness burn injuries generally warrant immediate clinical (i.e., body surface area burn assessment, fluid resuscitation, empiric antibiotics) as well as ongoing (burn center referral, debridement procedures, active scar management, provision of psychological support) treatment needs. Upon her arrival to the second author’s family medicine clinic, a multi-specialty wound recovery plan was initiated since her first urgent care visit treatment had been minimal without prophylactic antibiotic therapy or placement of a burn center referral. The authors first saw the patient during a primary care office visit a week after her initial injury when she first went to a local urgent care clinic. The example patient described in this report was an African American female in her early 30s who presented during the summer of 2020 after suffering varying levels of second-degree burns to her bilateral upper torso and left wrist (i.e., approximately 10%, total body surface area). ![]() When second-degree (i.e., “partial-thickness”) burns result from pressure cooker explosions, wounds involving near to or greater than 10% of total body surface area typically require multidisciplinary treatment, with burn center referral for proper wound care, potential fluid resuscitation, and eventual scar management. Although pressure cookers are very common kitchen utensils used in the United States, only a few cases of serious injuries secondary to pressure cooker explosions have been reported in the medical literature. |
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